Chemistry plays an integral role in everyday life. From the air we breathe to the materials we use, chemical compounds are everywhere. This article covers 50 essential chemical formulas and their respective names, categorized for easy understanding. Whether you are a student, a professional, or a curious learner, this comprehensive guide will help you learn and remember these chemical compounds effectively.
📚 रसायन सूत्र 📚 Rasayanik Sutra In Hindi
- आक्सीजन—O₂
- नाइट्रोजन—N₂
- हाइड्रोजन—H₂
- कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड—CO₂
- कार्बन मोनोआक्साइड—CO
- सल्फर डाइऑक्साइड—SO₂
- नाइट्रोजन डाइऑक्साइड—NO₂
- नाइट्रोजन मोनोऑक्साइड (नाइट्रिक ऑक्साइड) — NO
- डाईनाइट्रोजन ऑक्साइड (नाइट्रस ऑक्साइड) — N₂O
- क्लोरीन — Cl₂
- हाइड्रोजन क्लोराइड—HCl
- अमोनिया — NH₃
▪️अम्ल
- हाइड्रोक्लोरिक एसिड — HCl
- सल्फ्यूरिक एसिड — H₂SO₄
- नाइट्रिक एसिड — HNO₃
- फॉस्फोरिक एसिड — H₃PO₄
- कार्बोनिक एसिड — H₂CO₃
▪️क्षार
- सोडियम हाइड्राक्साइड—NaOH
- पोटेशियम हाइड्राक्साइड—KOH
- कैल्शियम हाइड्राक्साइड—Ca(OH)₂
लवण
- सोडियम क्लोराइड—NaCl
- कार्बोनेट सोडियम—Na₂CO₃
- कैल्शियम कार्बोनेट — CaCO₃
- कैल्शियम सल्फेट — CaSO₄
- अमोनियम सल्फेट — (NH₄)₂SO₄
- नाइट्रेट पोटेशियम—KNO₃
आम रसायनों के व्यावसायिक एवं रासायनिक नाम
व्यावसायिक नाम — IAPUC नाम — अणु सूत्र
- चाक — कैल्सियम कार्बोनेट — CaCO₃
- अंगूर का सत — ग्लूकोज — C6H₁₂O6
एल्कोहल — एथिल 29. एल्कोहल — C₂H5OH
- कास्टिक पोटाश — पोटेशियम हाईड्राक्साईड — KOH
- खाने का सोडा — सोडियम बाईकार्बोनेट — NaHCO₃
- चूना — कैल्सियम आक्साईड — CaO
- जिप्सम — कैल्सियम सल्फेट — CaSO₄.2H₂O
- टी.एन.टी. — ट्राई नाईट्रो टालीन — C6H₂CH₃(NO₂)₃
- धोने का सोडा — सोडियम कार्बोनेट — Na₂CO₃
- नीला थोथा — कॉपर सल्फेट — CuSO₄
- नौसादर — अमोनियम क्लोराईड — NH₄Cl
- फिटकरी — पोटैसियम एलुमिनियम सल्फेट — K₂SO₄Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O
- बुझा चूना — कैल्सियम हाईड्राक्साईड — Ca(OH)₂
- मंड — स्टार्च — C6H10O5
- लाफिंग गैस — नाइट्रस आक्साईड — N₂O
- लाल दवा — पोटैसियम परमैगनेट — KMnO₄
- लाल सिंदूर — लैड परआक्साईड — Pb₃O₄
- शुष्क बर्फ — ठोस कार्बन-डाई-आक्साईड — CO₂
- शोरा — पोटैसियम नाइट्रेट — KNO₃
- सिरका — एसिटिक एसिड का तनु घोल — CH₃COOH
- सुहागा — बोरेक्स — Na₂B₄O7.10H₂O
- स्प्रिट — मैथिल एल्कोहल — CH₃OH
- स्लेट — सिलिका एलुमिनियम आक्साईड — Al₂O₃2SiO₂.2H₂O
50.हरा कसीस — फैरिक सल्फेट — Fe₂(SO₄)₃
Comprehensive Guide to Common Chemical Compounds: Formulas and Names
📚 Chemical Formulas Table
| Category | Name | Chemical Formula | Details/Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Elements | Oxygen | O₂ | Essential for respiration. |
| Nitrogen | N₂ | Main component of the atmosphere. | |
| Hydrogen | H₂ | Used in various industrial processes. | |
| Chlorine | Cl₂ | Used in water purification and bleaching. | |
| Carbon Dioxide | CO₂ | A greenhouse gas and part of the carbon cycle. | |
| Carbon Monoxide | CO | Produced by incomplete combustion of fuel. | |
| Sulfur Dioxide | SO₂ | A pollutant causing acid rain. | |
| Acids | Hydrochloric Acid | HCl | Found in the stomach, aids digestion. |
| Sulfuric Acid | H₂SO₄ | Used in car batteries and fertilizers. | |
| Nitric Acid | HNO₃ | Used in making explosives and fertilizers. | |
| Phosphoric Acid | H₃PO₄ | Found in soft drinks and fertilizers. | |
| Carbonic Acid | H₂CO₃ | Present in carbonated drinks. | |
| Bases | Sodium Hydroxide | NaOH | Used in soap and paper industries. |
| Potassium Hydroxide | KOH | Used in alkaline batteries. | |
| Calcium Hydroxide | Ca(OH)₂ | Also known as slaked lime; used in construction. | |
| Salts | Sodium Chloride | NaCl | Common table salt. |
| Sodium Carbonate | Na₂CO₃ | Also known as washing soda. | |
| Calcium Carbonate | CaCO₃ | Found in chalk and limestone. | |
| Calcium Sulfate | CaSO₄ | Used in making plaster and cement. | |
| Ammonium Sulfate | (NH₄)₂SO₄ | Used as a fertilizer. | |
| Potassium Nitrate | KNO₃ | Found in gunpowder. | |
| Commercial Names | Ethanol | C₂H₅OH | Found in alcoholic beverages. |
| Methanol | CH₃OH | Used as an industrial solvent. | |
| Borax | Na₂B₄O₇.10H₂O | Used in detergents and glass production. | |
| Gypsum | CaSO₄.2H₂O | Found in drywall and plaster. | |
| Acetic Acid | CH₃COOH | Main component of vinegar. | |
| Starch | C₆H₁₀O₅ | Found in grains and tubers. | |
| Miscellaneous | TNT (Trinitrotoluene) | C₆H₂CH₃(NO₂)₃ | An explosive compound. |
| Laughing Gas | N₂O | Used in anesthesia and as a propellant. | |
| Dry Ice | CO₂ (solid) | Used as a refrigerant. | |
| Potassium Permanganate | KMnO₄ | Used as a disinfectant. |
Importance of Learning Chemical Formulas
- Academic Relevance:
Understanding these formulas is essential for chemistry students and professionals. - Practical Applications:
Knowing these compounds aids in various industries like healthcare, agriculture, and manufacturing. - Environmental Awareness:
Many compounds, such as CO₂ and SO₂, have significant environmental implications.
Tips to Remember Chemical Formulas
- Categorize by Usage: Group compounds into acids, bases, salts, and industrial chemicals.
- Create Mnemonics: For example, “CO₂ is what plants breathe out.”
- Practice Regularly: Writing and revisiting these formulas helps retention.
Conclusion
This curated list of chemical formulas serves as a fundamental resource for learning and referencing. With detailed information and categorization, you can easily memorize and understand the significance of these compounds in everyday life. Bookmark this guide for quick access to essential chemical knowledge.